乌拉圭牛黄输华公告核心要点总结
一、政策依据（Policy Basis）
中文：依据我国《生物安全法》《进出境动植物检疫法》《进出境中药材检疫监督管理办法》及中乌双方签署的《乌拉圭牛黄输华检疫和卫生要求议定书》执行。
English：Implemented in accordance with China’s “Biosafety Law”, “Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Quarantine of Imported and Exported Animals and Plants” and its implementing regulations, “Measures for the Quarantine Supervision of Imported and Exported Chinese Medicinal Materials”, and the “Protocol on Quarantine and Sanitary Requirements for Uruguayan Bezoar Exported to China” signed by China and Uruguay.
二、产品定义（Product Definition）
中文：仅限乌拉圭养殖牛的胆囊或胆管的干燥胆结石。
English：Only dried gallstones from the gallbladders or bile ducts of farmed cattle in Uruguay.
三、准入核心条件（Core Access Conditions）
1. 牛只要求（Requirements for Source Animals）
中文：- 出生、饲养、屠宰均在乌拉圭官方监管的农场及屠宰场，具备唯一身份标识，可通过官方追溯系统溯源至出生及生长农场；
English：- Born, raised and slaughtered in farms and slaughterhouses under official supervision of Uruguay, with unique identification, traceable to the birth and growth farms through the official traceability system;
中文：- 屠宰前12个月内，来源场所未发生过布鲁氏菌病、炭疽或结核病；
English：- No brucellosis, anthrax or tuberculosis has occurred in the source premises within 12 months before slaughter;
中文：- 屠宰前6个月内，来源场所未因发生须申报牛病（依据中乌两国法规及世界动物卫生组织规定）而受到隔离限制或监测；
English：- Within 6 months before slaughter, the source premises have not been subject to isolation restrictions or monitoring due to reportable cattle diseases (in accordance with the laws and regulations of China and Uruguay and the provisions of the World Organization for Animal Health);
中文：- 屠宰前至少14天内未接种过炭疽活疫苗；
English：- No live anthrax vaccine has been administered within at least 14 days before slaughter;
中文：- 从未使用过中乌两国禁止使用的兽药或饲料添加剂，从未饲喂反刍动物源性肉骨粉或油渣；
English：- Never used veterinary drugs or feed additives prohibited by China and Uruguay, and never fed ruminant-derived meat and bone meal or oil residue;
中文：- 无任何传染病临床症状，胴体和脏器无病理变化，宰前宰后检验合格。
English：- No clinical symptoms of any infectious diseases, no pathological changes in carcasses and organs, and qualified pre-slaughter and post-slaughter inspections.
2. 生产企业要求（Requirements for Production and Processing Enterprises）
中文：- 在乌拉圭官方监管下运营，符合中乌两国有关兽医公共卫生法规要求，经中方考核和注册登记；
English：- Operated under official supervision of Uruguay, in line with the veterinary public health regulations of China and Uruguay, and inspected, assessed and registered by the Chinese side;
中文：- 生产加工过程符合良好生产规范及相应的质量管理体系标准与要求，建立有效的产品追溯和召回制度，为每批产品保存详细记录；
English：- The production and processing process complies with good manufacturing practices and corresponding quality management system standards and requirements, establishes an effective product traceability and recall system, and keeps detailed records for each batch of products;
中文：- 具备低温干燥牛黄的设施，并配有温度控制设备；
English：- Equipped with facilities for low-temperature drying of bezoar and supporting temperature control equipment;
中文：- 具备遮光、干燥和卫生的成品牛黄储存设施。
English：- Equipped with light-shielded, dry and hygienic storage facilities for finished bezoar.
3. 加工要求（Production and Processing Requirements）
中文：- 牛黄采集应在经过认证的屠宰场内进行，采取适当防护措施避免交叉污染，清洗工作在同一场所的独立区域完成；
English：- Bezoar collection shall be carried out in certified slaughterhouses, with appropriate protective measures to avoid cross-contamination, and cleaning shall be completed in an independent area of the same premises;
中文：- 用安全卫生的方式采集胆囊，操作工具、容器、用水等清洁卫生，避免交叉污染；
English：- Collect gallbladders in a safe and hygienic manner, and ensure that operating tools, containers, water, etc. are clean and hygienic to avoid cross-contamination;
中文：- 屠宰、采集过程中采取有效措施，避免脑、头骨、眼、脊髓、扁桃体和回肠末端等对胆囊和牛黄造成污染；
English：- Take effective measures during slaughter and collection to avoid contamination of gallbladders and bezoar by brain, skull, eyes, spinal cord, tonsils, terminal ileum, etc.;
中文：- 采集后用干净纱布、吸水纸去除表面胆汁、血液及其他杂质，不可用水直接冲洗或化学方式去除杂质；
English：- After collection, use clean gauze and absorbent paper to remove surface bile, blood and other impurities; do not directly rinse with water or remove impurities by chemical means;
中文：- 加工过程有效去除水分，避免高温损伤；
English：- Effectively remove moisture during processing to avoid damage caused by high temperature;
中文：- 干燥过程保持环境清洁，定期对干燥设备进行消毒；
English：- Keep the environment clean during the drying process and disinfect the drying equipment regularly;
中文：- 纳入乌拉圭国家残留物监控计划，兽药、农药、重金属、污染物及其他不良物质残留不超过中乌两国最高限量标准。
English：- Included in Uruguay’s national residue monitoring program, and the residues of veterinary drugs, pesticides, heavy metals, pollutants and other harmful substances do not exceed the maximum limit standards of China and Uruguay.
4. 包装、标签和储存运输要求（Packaging, Labeling, Storage and Transportation Requirements）
中文：- 用干净、卫生的全新材料包装，同一生产日期的牛黄有独立包装和标识；
English：- Packed with clean, hygienic and new materials, and bezoar produced on the same production date shall have independent packaging and labeling;
中文：- 包装外用中文、英文、西班牙文标明产品名称、数量、重量、批次号、储存条件、生产日期、官方注册登记屠宰场和生产企业名称、地址、注册登记编号等内容；
English：- The outer packaging shall be marked in Chinese, English and Spanish with product name, quantity, weight, batch number, storage conditions, production date, name, address and registration number of the officially registered slaughterhouse and production enterprise, etc.;
中文：- 储存运输过程符合兽医卫生要求，避免被有毒有害物质污染，运输过程中包装必须保持密封。
English：- The storage and transportation process shall comply with veterinary hygiene requirements to avoid contamination by toxic and harmful substances, and the packaging must remain sealed during transportation.
四、通关与检疫（Customs Clearance and Quarantine）
中文：1. 出口前：乌方负责对输华牛黄实施检验检疫，并出具卫生证书，证明产品符合《议定书》要求。
English：1. Before export: The Uruguayan side is responsible for conducting inspection and quarantine on bezoar exported to China and issuing a health certificate to prove that the products meet the requirements of the Protocol.
中文：2. 进境时：中国海关核查《进境动植物检疫许可证》、注册登记企业资质、卫生证书真实性，并依据相关规定及本公告要求实施检疫，检疫合格后方可进境。
English：2. Upon entry: China Customs verifies the “Imported Animal and Plant Quarantine License”, the qualification of registered enterprises, and the authenticity of the health certificate, and conducts quarantine in accordance with relevant regulations and the requirements of this announcement. Only products that pass the quarantine are allowed to enter China.
中文：3. 不合格处理：进境检疫发现不合格情况的，中国海关按我国法律法规、规章及《议定书》规定处置。
English：3. Handling of unqualified products: If unqualified situations are found in entry quarantine, China Customs will dispose of them in accordance with China’s laws, regulations, rules and the Protocol.
